АНАЛИЗ РАБОТЫ СКРЕБКОВЫХ МЕХАНИЗМОВ КРИСТАЛЛИЗАТОРОВ УСТАНОВОК ДЕПАРАФИНИЗАЦИИ И ОБЕЗМАСЛИВАНИЯ
Стр.28-35
DOI: 10.32758/2782-3040-2026-0-2-28-35
УДК 665.637.72
Yakovlev S.P.
(VOKSTEK LLC, Moscow, Russia)
Keywords: scraper crystallizers, dewaxing and deoiling processes, scrapers shafts, reliability and efficiency of scraper crystallizers, design of scraper mechanisms.
Abstract. Scraper crystallizers are among the most problematic apparatus of typical dewaxing and deoiling units. Constant breakdowns and wear of scrapers shaft details and drive mechanism, requiring repair and maintenance, reduce not only the reliability and trouble-free operation of the crystallizers but also their effectiveness as heat exchangers and devices for forming paraffin suspensions with the required filtration characteristics. This necessitates systematic hot washing of the crystallizers, which disrupts the stability of the process, complicating the overall process and often leading to substandard products: an unacceptable increase in the pour point of dewaxed oils and an increase in the oil content in the slack wax or wax. Addressing these issues by improving the reliability and efficiency of scraper crystallizers is highly relevant both for researchers developing and improving dewaxing processes and related equipment, and for specialists in base oil and paraffin production facilities. A detailed examination of the design of scrapers shafts in typical mass-prodused produced scraper crystallizers revealed that the primary cause of their extremely low reliability is the design of the scraper mechanism, whose operating principle inherently assumes that the scrapers fingers will jam in the guide bushings even with minimal misalignment between the shaft and the heat exchanger tube. Anything else-deformation, breakage, and wear of details—is a consequence that reduces the reliability and efficiency of the crystallizers. Therefore, it has been demonstrated that eliminating these serious shortcomings in the scrapers shafts of typical mass-prodused produced crystallizers requires the development of a fundamentally new scrapers mechanism design.